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Lighthorse (or Light Horse) was the name given by the Five Civilized Tribes of the United States to their mounted police force. The Lighthorse were generally organized into companies and assigned to different districts. Perhaps the most famous were the Cherokee Lighthorsemen which had their origins in Georgia. Although the mounted police were disbanded when the Five Civilized Tribes lost their tribal lands in the late 19th century, some tribes still use the Lighthorse name for elements of their police forces. *Cherokee Light Horse *Chickasaw Light Horse *Choctaw Light Horse *Creek Light Horse *Seminole Light Horse ==Cherokee== In 1797, the Cherokees created organizations called "regulating companies" to deal with horse theft and other property crimes. The regulating companies were a mounted tribal police force, empowered to enforce tribal laws. They began to be called "Lighthorsemen" in the 1820s. Their authority expanded to apprehending criminals, whom they turned over to tribal courts for trial and sentencing. The Lighthorsemen's scope was then extended to more serious crimes including murder, rape and robbery. They also enforced the tribal laws against drunkenness.〔(Luna-Firebaugh, Eileen. ''Tribal Policing: Asserting Sovereignty, Seeking Justice.'' 2007. University of Arizona Press. Available on Google Books. Retrieved March 30, 2010. )〕 One author asserted that the Cherokees took the force's name from General Henry "Lighthorse Harry" Lee, who got the nickname because his cavalry moved so quickly.〔(Burton, Art. T. "Oklahoma's Frontier Indian Police." ) (1996). Retrieved March 30, 2014.〕 On November 13, 1844, the Cherokee National Council authorized the formation of a lighthorse company. composed of a captain, a lieutenant and twenty four horsemen. They were to arrest all fugitives from justice in the Cherokee Nation. For several years the lighthorsemen also served as judges, jurors and administered punishments. Usually, they punished those convicted of minor crimes by whipping. In 1874, the Cherokees built a prison at Talequah. It was the only Indian Nation to do so.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lighthorse (American Indian police)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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